Origen: Against Celsus, Books I–VIII

τοὺς σπερματικοὺς λόγους .

κατὰ τὸν προηούμενον νοῦν .

Cf. 1 Cor. ix. 9, 10 and Deut. xxv. 4 .

Cf. Eph. v. 31, 32. Cf. Gen. ii. 24 .

Cf. 1 Cor. x. 1, 2 .

Cf. 1 Cor. x. 3, 4 .

προβλήματα καὶ παραβολαί .

Cf. Ps. lxxviii. 1–3 .

Cf. Ps. cxix. 18 .

ἐπὰν ἐπακούσῃ τοῦ παρ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ πάντα ποιήσαντος .

Cf. Ezek. xxix. 3 .

Cf. Ezek. xxxii. 5, 6 .

Cf. Ezek. xxix. 3 .

Cf. Hos. xiv. 9 .

Cf. 2 Tim. iii. 8 . [Note this testimony concerning Numenius.]

τὸ εὐτελέστερον .

ψυχή .

ὕλη .

The reading in the text of Spencer and of the Benedictine ed. is καταλειφθεῖσαν , for which Lommatzsch has adopted the conjecture of Boherellus, καταληφθεῖσαν .

ὠφελείας .

ὑπ᾽ ἐνυπαρχούσης ἀφαντάστου φύσεως διοικουμένων .

πρὸς χρείαν οὐκ εὐκαταφρόνητον .

ὅπως ποτὲ ἄλλως ὄντων .

τίνι ἢ τίσιν .

αἰσθητοῦ θεοῦ .

Cf. Plato in Timæo .

ἄϋλον .

πέμπτης παρὰ τὰ τέσσαρα στοιχεῖα εἷναι φύσεως .

Cf. Ps. cii. 26, 27 .

αἰθερίου .

Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 41 , etc.

Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 44 .

ὁδοί .

καινῆς διαδεξαμένης ὁδοῦ καὶ ἀλλοίας , etc. For διαδεξαμένης , Boherellus would read διαδεξομένης . Cf. Origen, de Princip ., iii. c. 5; ii. c. 3. [See also Neander’s Church History , vol. 1. p. 328, and his remarks on “the general ἀποκατάστασις ” of Origen. S.]

συντέλεια .

Cf. Pliny, x. c. 66: “Anguem ex medullâ hominis spinæ gigni accepimus a multis.” Cf. also Ovid, Metamorphos ., xv. fab. iv.

σωμάτων .

τῶν διαφερότων .

καὶ μία εἰς ἀμοιβὴν παλίντροπον ἰοῦσα καὶ ἐπανιοῦσα .

σῶμα .

οὕτω δὲ καὶ τὸ ἀπολλύμενον εἰς μεταβολὴν διαμένει .

διελέγχεται οὐκ ἐπιδεχόμενα τὸ γενναῖον καὶ ἀναντίῤῥητον .

ὁ τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐκπεριλαμβάνων .

[Cf. Plato, Theætetus , xxv. p. 176. S.]

ἀόριστον .

καὶ τῷ ἰδίῳ λόγῳ .

τοσοῖσδε τυγχάνουσιν .

᾽Αμφίβολοι .

᾽Αγορανόμοι .

ἁῤῥητοποιους οὐκ ἴσασι .

οὗ πάντως καὶ ἡ τῶν κακῶν γένεσις ἀεὶ ἡ αὐτή .

οὐκ ἀεὶ τὰ αὐτά ἐστι περὶ τὸ ἡγεμονικὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὰς πράξεις .

θεωρίαις .

τῶν ὅλων .

τὰ ἐν ὁλῳ τῷ κόσμῳ .

περίοδος .

κατὰ τὰς τεταγμένας ἀνακυκλήσεις .

μὴ ἐγνωκὼς κακὸν εἶναι τὸ νομίζειν εὐσέβειαν σώζεσθαι ἐν τοῖς καθεστηκόσι κατὰ τὰς κοινότερον νοουμένας πολιτείας νόμοις .

τὸ ἡγεμονικόν .

Cf. Lam. iii. 38 . [In the Authorized Version and in the Vulgate the passage is interrogative. S.]

ἥτις ἐστὶ τὸ κακόν .

τὸ ἐφ᾽ ἡμῖν ἀνῄρηται .

τοῦ παντός .

ἀπαραλλάκτους .

τὰ ὁρώμενα .

οὔτε τῷ Θεῷ καινοτέρας δεῖ διορθώσεως .

ὅτι καὶ πάντη τεταγμένως αὐτὴν ἀφανίζων συμφερόντως τῷ παντί .

[See note supra , p. 524. S.]

τὰ σφάλματα ἀναλαμβάνειν .

ἔχει τὶ εὐλαβές .

καὶ ὡς ψεκτὸς κατατέτακται εἰς χρείαν ἀπευκταίαν μὲν ἑκάστῳ, χρήσιμον δὲ τῷ παντί .

ἐν ἀπευκταίῳ πράματι .

Cf. 2 Tim. ii. 20, 21 .

[See note, p. 502, supra .]

οὐ τοῦ ἑαυτῶν ἐν τῷ λέγειν στοχαζόμεθα δυνατοῦ .

Cf. Deut. i. 31 . Origen appears to have read, not ἐτροφόρησεν , the common reading (Heb. אשָֹנָ ), but ἐτροποφόρησεν , the reading of the Codex Alex.

Cf. Ps. vi. 1 .

Cf. Jer. x. 24 .

Cf. Eph. ii. 3 .

Cf. Ps. xxxvii. 8 .

Cf. Col. iii. 8 .

Ps. xliv. 23 .

Cf. Ps. lxxviii. 65 .

καὶ λόγον μὲν ἔχει τὰ λογικὰ, ἅπερ ἐστὶ προηγούμενα, παίδων γεννωμένων· τὰ δ᾽ ἄλογα καὶ τὰ ἄψυχα χωρίου συγκτιζομένου τᾷ παιδίῳ .

ἀγορανόμοι .

συντυχία τις ἀτόμων .

οὐδεὶς λόγος τεχνικὸς ὑπέστησεν αὐτά .

ἑστίαν .

Cf. Ps. civ. 14, 15 .

Cf. Ecclus. xxxix. 21, and 16, 17 .

μόλις καὶ ἐπιπόνως .

ἐπιδεῆ .

διὰ ναυτικῆς καὶ κυβερνητικῆς .

ἀφορμήν .

Cf. Eurip., Phœniss ., 546.

τὰ ἐν οὐρανῷ .

ὁ κατά τινας Σκηνικὸς φιλόσοφος . Euripides himself is the person alluded to. He is called by Athenæus and Clemens Alexandrinus ( Strom ., v. vol. ii. p. 461), ὁ ἐπὶ τῆς σκηνῆς φιλόσοφος .— De La Rue .

συνεκδοχικῶς .

ἑαυτῷ ἀνθυποφέρει .

ζώπυρα .

Cf. Hesiod, Fragmenta Incerta , ed. Goettling, p. 231.

[Cf. Wordsworth, Excursion : “He sat and talked,” etc., book iv., circa med .]

οὐ γὰρ ἀθεεί .

ἡγεμονίαις .

τῶν ἡττημένων αἱρέσεις . “Nota αἱρέσεις hoc loco sumi pro internecionibus, cædibus. Haud scio an alibi reperiatur pari significatu. Forte etiam scribendum καθαιρέσεις .”— Ruæus .

παραβάλῃ τῷ λόγῳ πρὸς τοὺς μύρμηκας . “Verba: τᾷ λόγῳ πρὸς τοὺς μύρμηκας addititia videntur et recidenda.”— Ruæus .

ἐπαΐων .

τὸ κοινωνικόν .

ἐντρέχειαν .

οὐκοῦν καὶ λόγου συμπλήρωσίς ἐστι παρ᾽ αὐτοῖς, καὶ κοιναὶ ἔννοιαι καθολικῶν τινων, καὶ φωνὴ, καὶ τυγχάνοντα σημαινόμενα .

ἀσχημοσύνην .

οὐ κατανοεῖ δὲ τὸ λογικὸν ἡγεμονικὸν καὶ λογισμῷ κινούμενον ;

μετά τινος φυσικῆς ὑποκατασκευῆς ;

ἀρχήν .

τὴν ἀλογίαν .

λόγος .

φυσικήν τινα κατάληψιν .

τῷ μαράθρῳ .

ἀλλ᾽ ἐκ κατασκευῆς .

[The ἀετίτης . See Pliny, N. H ., x. 4.]

αποτεταγμένως .

ὑπὸ τοῦ Λόγου γεγενημένη .

χοιρογρύλλιοι . Heb. סינִּפַשְׁ .

ἀσκαλαβώτης .

Cf. Prov. xxx. 24–28 .

αὐτόθεν .

John xvi. 25 .

ιδιωτικά .

θεῶν μαντικῶν .

τὴν ἀχάριστον ψευδοδοξίαν .

Ps. xlix. 12 .

εἴπερ οἰωνοὶ οἰωνοῖς μάχονται . For μάχονται Ruæus conjectures διαλέγονται , which is adopted by Lommatzsch.

Homer, Iliad , ii. 308 sq. (Pope’s translation).

Homer, Iliad , xii. 200 sq. (Pope’s translation).

κατὰ δέ τι σημεῖον .

ἱέραξ .

κίρκος , “the hen-harrier,” “Falco,” or “Circus pygargus.” Cf. Liddell and Scott, s.v.

Cf. Homer, Odyss ., xv. 526.

καὶ οὐ κακίαν μὲν, οἱονεὶ δὲ κακίαν οὖσαν .

ἐν μέσοις .

κληδόνες .

Cf. Homer, Odyss ., iv. 685; cf. also xx. 116, 119.

Cf. Homer, Odyss ., xx. 120.

Cf. Homer, Odyss ., xvii. 541.

Cf. Homer, Odyss ., xvii. 545.

οὔτε τοῖς τυχοῦσι τῶν ἀνθρώπων .

Cf. Lev. xix. 26 . The Septuagint here differs from the Masoretic text.

Cf. Deut. xviii. 14, cf. 12 .

Cf. Deut. xviii. 15 .

Cf. Num. xxiii. 23 .

Prov. iv. 23 .

Cf. Rom. viii. 14 .

ἐπισημασίας .

τροπάς .

Cf. Ex. xxiv. 2 .

ἀπεμφαῖνον .

ἀντιπελαργοῦντος .

[See vol. i. pp. viii., 12, this series. Observe, Origen, in Egypt , doubts the story.]

ἀλλ᾽ εἰ μὴ πᾶν ἔργον . “Gelenius does not recognise these words, and Guietus regards them as superfluous.” They are omitted in the translation.

Our vol. i. p. 191.

Our vol. ii. p. 437.

Ed. Philadelphia, 1836.

See this treatise, Book VIII. cap. xlviii., infra .

What is of Faith as to Everlasting Punishment ? in reply to Dr. Farrar’s Challenge , 1879. By the Rev. E. B. Pusey, D.D., Oxford, 1881.

Theodicy , pp. 295–311 (answer to Foster), p. 81 (to Lord Kames), p. 310 (to Tillotson). I must confess that Bledsoe is paulo iniquior when he gives no reference to Tillotson’s language. If the retort is based on the sermon (xxxv. vol. iii. p. 350, ed. folio, 1720) on the “Eternity of Torment,” however, I do not think it just. The latitudinarian primate restricts himself therein to a very guarded statement of that reserved right by which any governor commutes or remits punishment, though he cannot modify a promise of reward. I wish modern apologists for the divine sovereignty had not gone farther.

Cf. Prov. x. 19 .

Cf. 2 Tim. ii. 15 .

Cf. 2 Cor. x. 5 .

Cf. Ps. lxviii. 11 .

τοῖς ἐκεῖ θεοῖς .

ἁψῖδα .

κατέρχεσθαι .

Cf. Heb. i. 14 .

ἐν τοῖς καθαρωτάτοις τοῦ κόσμου χωρίοις ἐπουρανίοις, ἢ καὶ τοῖς τούτων καθαρωτέροις ὐπερουρανίοις .

Cf. Ps. lxxxvi. 8; xcvi. 4; cxxxvi. 2 .

ἐὰν δυνώμεθα κατακούειν τῆς περὶ προσευχῆς κυριολεξίας καὶ καταχρήσεως .

[Comp. Col. iii. 18 and cap. viii., infra .]

ἢ τοὺς μὲν ἐν σκότῳ που ἐκ γοητείας οὐκ ὀρθῆς τυφλώττουσιν, ἢ δι᾽ ἀμυδρῶν φασμάτων ὀνειρώττουσιν ἐγχρίμπτειν λεγομένους, εὖ μάλα θρησκεύειν .

Cf. Ex. xx. 3, 4, 5 .

Cf. Deut. iv. 19 .

τὸ ὅλον ὁ κόσμος .

Cf. Jer. vii. 17, 18 .

Cf. Acts vii. 42, 43 .

Cf. Col. ii. 18, 19 .

ἐγγαστριμύθοις .

ἐπαοιδοῖς .

Cf. Lev. xix. 31 .